Genetic Testing And Its Benefits In Cancer Treatment
Genetic testing after a cancer diagnosis can play a crucial role in the management and treatment of the disease. Genetic testing can provide information about the cancer, including how it grows and spreads. These tests can go by many names, including biomarker testing, tumor testing, genomic testing, molecular profiling, somatic testing or next generation sequencing. Testing is often done on a sample of the tumor (from a biopsy or surgery) if possible, but it might also be done using a sample of blood, saliva, or other body fluids.
Genetic testing can help determine the specific genetic mutations or alterations in a person's cancer cells. This information can be used to tailor treatment plans to target the specific genetic characteristics of the cancer. Personalized medicine can lead to more effective and less toxic treatments. Some genetic mutations associated with cancer have targeted therapies or drugs that work specifically on those mutations. Genetic testing can identify whether a patient is eligible for these targeted therapies, potentially improving treatment outcomes. Genetic testing can provide information about the aggressiveness of the cancer and the likelihood of disease recurrence. It can also assess a person's risk of developing other types of cancer, which can inform decisions about ongoing surveillance and preventive measures. Knowing the genetic profile of the cancer can help patients and their healthcare providers make more informed decisions about treatment options, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy.
Genetic testing may identify clinical trials or experimental treatments that are specifically designed for patients with certain genetic mutations. Participating in clinical trials can offer access to cutting-edge therapies and contribute to the advancement of cancer research. If a genetic mutation associated with cancer is identified, it may be important to offer genetic testing to family members. This can help assess their risk of developing cancer and enable early detection or preventive measures. Genetic testing can be used to monitor a patient's response to treatment and detect any changes in the genetic profile of the cancer over time. This information can guide adjustments in the treatment plan. By identifying the most effective treatments for a specific genetic profile, genetic testing can help reduce the use of less effective therapies, which can result in cost savings for both patients and the healthcare system.
It is important to note that not all cancer patients will benefit equally from genetic testing, and its appropriateness may vary depending on the type and stage of cancer. Healthcare providers can help guide patients in making informed decisions about whether genetic testing is a valuable part of their cancer care plan. Tests for gene and protein changes can be expensive, especially if many changes are being tested for, and insurance might not cover all testing costs. For people whose best treatment option is a specific targeted therapy or immunotherapy treatment, based on a cancer's gene or protein changes, the treatment itself might be expensive.
Genetic testing is a personal choice, but it's your choice. Ask your doctor for a referral to a genetics expert. Most health insurance plans will cover the cost of genetic testing when recommended by a physician. However, all coverage and reimbursement is subject to Medicare, Medicaid, and third-party payer benefit plans.
